Forged products

Forging product is a processing method that uses forging machinery to apply pressure to metal blanks to produce plastic deformation to obtain forgings with certain mechanical properties, certain shapes and sizes. It is one of the two major components of forging. Casting processing through forging can eliminate defects such as as-cast looseness caused by the metal smelting process, optimize the microstructure, and at the same time, because the complete metal streamline is preserved, the mechanical properties of forgings are generally better than those of the same material. For the important parts of related machinery with high load and severe working conditions, forgings are mostly used except for simpler shapes that can be rolled, profiles or welded parts.

Die forging is divided into open die forging and closed die forging. The metal blank is compressed and deformed in a forging die with a certain shape to obtain forgings. Die forging is generally used to produce parts with low weight and large batches. Die forging can be divided into hot die forging, warm forging and cold forging. Warm forging and cold forging are the future development direction of die forging, and also represent the level of forging technology. According to materials, die forging can be divided into ferrous metal die forging, non-ferrous metal die forging and powder product forming. As the name suggests, the materials are carbon steel and other ferrous metals, copper and aluminum and other non-ferrous metals and powder metallurgy materials.

Extrusion should belong to die forging, which can be divided into heavy metal extrusion and light metal extrusion. Closed die forging and closed upsetting are two advanced technologies of die forging. Because there is no flash, the utilization rate of materials is higher. It is possible to complete the finishing of complex forgings with one process or several processes. Because there is no flash, the force-bearing area of the forging is reduced, and the required load is also reduced. However, it should be noted that the blanks cannot be completely restricted. For this reason, the volume of the blanks should be strictly controlled, the relative position of the forging dies and the measurement of the forgings should be controlled, and efforts should be made to reduce the wear of the forging dies.

Forging materials are mainly carbon steel and alloy steel with various compositions, followed by aluminum, magnesium, copper, titanium, etc. and their alloys. The original state of the material includes bar stock, ingot, metal powder and liquid metal. The ratio of the cross-sectional area of the metal before deformation to the cross-sectional area after deformation is called the forging ratio. The correct selection of forging ratio, reasonable heating temperature and holding time, reasonable initial forging temperature and final forging temperature, reasonable deformation amount and deformation speed have a great relationship with improving product quality and reducing cost.